1. What is civil dispute?
Civil disputes are disputes over the legitimate rights, rights and obligations of subjects in civil legal relations, such as disputes over ownership, use rights, inheritance rights, contracts, or other civil legal relations. These are conflicts or conflicts arising between individuals and organizations related to their legitimate rights and interests in the civil field.
According to the law, civil disputes often involve the legitimate rights and interests of subjects in civil legal relations, and can be resolved through civil proceedings at the court or appropriate competent authorities.
2. Civil disputes under the jurisdiction of the Court
according to the provisions of Article 26 Civil Procedure Code 2015 Civil disputes under the jurisdiction of the Court include:
| ST | Civil disputes under the jurisdiction of the Court |
|---|---|
| 1 | Disputes over Vietnamese nationality between individuals and individuals. |
| 2 | Disputes over ownership and other rights to property. |
| 3 | Disputes over civil transactions and civil contracts. |
| 4 | Disputes over intellectual property rights and technology transfer, except for the case specified in Clause 2, Article 30 of this Code. |
| 5 | Dispute over property inheritance. |
| 6 | Disputes over compensation for damage outside the contract. |
| 7 | Disputes over compensation for damage caused by the application of administrative preventive measures not in accordance with the provisions of the competition law, except for the case of claims for damage settled in the administrative case. |
| 8 | Disputes over exploitation and use of water resources and discharge into water sources according to the provisions of the Law on Water Resources. |
| 9 | land disputes in accordance with the law on land; Disputes over ownership and use rights of forests in accordance with the Law on Forest Protection and Development. |
| 10 | Disputes related to press operations in accordance with the law on press. |
| 11 | Disputes related to the request for declaration of invalid notarized documents. |
| 12 | Disputes related to property subject to coercion to execute judgments in accordance with the law on civil judgment enforcement. |
| 13 | Disputes over the results of the auction of assets, payment of registration costs for the purchase of auctioned assets in accordance with the law on civil judgment enforcement. |
| 14 | other civil disputes, except for cases falling under the jurisdiction of other agencies or organizations as prescribed by law. |
3. Jurisdiction of the People’s Court by level
3.1. jurisdiction of the People’s Court of the area
according to the provisions of Article 35 Civil Procedure Code 2015 (Amendments and supplements in 2025), the regional people’s court has the jurisdiction to settle according to first-instance procedures for:
– Disputes specified in Articles 26, 28, 30 and 32 of the Civil Procedure Code 2015;
– The requirements specified in Articles 27, 29, 31 and 33 of the Civil Procedure Code 2015.
Note: Request to cancel the arbitral award, register the arbitral award of the case falling under the jurisdiction of a number of provincial people’s courts according to the provisions of Clause 2, Article 37 of the Civil Procedure Code 2015.
3.2. Jurisdiction of the People’s Court of the province
Pursuant to Article 37 Civil Procedure Code 2015 (Amendments and supplements in 2025), The People’s Court of the province has the authority to settle according to appellate procedures for cases where the judgment or decision has not taken legal effect of the People’s Court of the area being appealed or protested against; cassation and reopening of legally effective judgments and decisions of the People’s Courts of the region but are protested against according to the provisions of this Code.
The People’s Court of the province has the authority to settle the request to cancel the arbitral award or register the arbitral award according to the provisions of Commercial Arbitration Law.
